To ensure consistent operation, a good understanding of the circuits operation and an ability to rapidly troubleshoot key parameters is required. Oxime formulations can be tailored to meet individual customer requirements and are suitable for a wide range of leach solutions. Students are tasked to prepare a salicylaldoxime ligand and samples of the corresponding copper and nickel complexes, before. New hydrometallurgical technologies are more economical and open up new possibilities for metal recovery. Copper recovery by solvent extraction has progressed from a technology with limited application for copper recovery from dilute sulfuric acid leach solution to a technology with broad application for copper recovery from a variety of leach solutions. Separation of copper ii with solvent extraction using. In addition, acid consumption in the cementation process exceeds that in solvent extraction electrowinning by about 1. Basfs broad range includes aldoxime and ketoxime extractants and incorporates blends formulated to specific customer needs operational challenges. Flotation tailings from copper production are deposits of copper and other valuable metals, such as mo, v and u. Sxew solvent extraction and electrowinning are distinct metallurgical unit operations that recover high purity metal from leachate solutions. This technique depends upon the selective dissolving of one or more constituents of the solution into a suitable immiscible liquid solvent. How hydrometallurgy and the sxew process made copper the.
Solvent extraction applied to mixed copper and zinc. About 80% of the worlds copper fromore is produced by concentrationsmelting refining of sulfide ores. The solvent extraction of copper and zinc from the bioleaching solutions of lowgrade sulfide ores with lix984 and d2ehpa was investigated. Evaluation of copper solventextraction circuit data and. Solvent extraction of copper ii cuii from aqueous solutions by organic solvent composing of lauric acid extractant benzene diluent has been studied at t298. Generally, copper extraction follows the sequence see figure below. Design of this 2ex1s configuration was based on the expected value of copper extraction efficiency of 90%. The chapter begins with an overview of the history of cop.
The solvent extraction consists of 4 four mixersection settler units. It relies on variations in the solubilities of different compounds in different substances. The results show that lix984 has a higher selectivity for copper than for iron, zinc and other metals, and has the copper. Preconcentration and separation of copper ii with solvent extraction using n,n. Castroa a mechanical engineering department, university of minho, 4800058 guimar. It is even more popular for refining copper from scrap. Solvent extraction, consists of transferring one or more solute s contained in a feed solution to another immiscible liquid solvent.
With the growing demand for metals of ever higher purity, the increasing use of unusual metals, and the necessity for treating ores of lower grade and greater complexity, solvent extraction has joined the ranks of other accepted recovery methods and. The influences of extractant content, aqueous ph value, phase ratio and equilibration time on metals extraction were studied. This paper briefly discusses the modeling of solventextraction circuits. Extraction of copper mining, concentration, smelting. Copper recovery by solvent extraction has progressed from a technology with limited application for copper recovery from dilute sulfuric acid leach solutio. This is true in most process applications, and very much so in the copper extraction plant being developed in kinsevere. An efficient and reliable approach based on solvent extraction to selectively recover copper from leaching solution of jinchuan copper smelting ash has been developed in this work. In copper solvent extraction, aqueousinorganic entrainment results in the carryover of unwanted species into the electrowinning process with negative cost implications. The operations are typically heap and dump leaching, with permanent pads rather than onoff pads to minimize operational costs. Solvent extraction sx of copper ii from ammonia solutions proceeds similarly to that from acidic solutions, but complexation of metal m by ammonia ligands must be considered. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extraction electrowinning technology. In the first step, called extraction step, metal is extracted from aqueous phase by organic phase.
Ppt solvent extraction powerpoint presentation free to. In most cases, the substance to be extracted, which may be a solid, a liquid or a gas, is dissolved in a liquid, along with other substances, and a. A technique, also called liquid extraction, for separating the components of a liquid solution. Copper can be extracted from nonsulfide ores by a different process involving three separate stages. For the experimental conditions studied, cyanex 272 showed a good recovery of zn after the stripping stage using h2so4. Solvent extraction is used to concentrate materials in an organic solution, while electrowinning is used to recover these pay elements. The primary objective was to maximize copper extraction using one solvent extraction circuit. Pdf solvent extraction of copperii from concentrated leach liquors. This wellestablished, remarkable hydrometallurgical achievement fills an important role in our technical ability to extract copper in an efficient and costeffective way. The international copper study group estimates that 16% of the refined copper production from ores in 2006 used sxew. Copper leaching, solvent extraction, and electrowinning. An integrated process for copper extraction from a chalcopyrite concentrate in alkaline glycinate solutions has identi.
Products include specialized collectors used in the separation of copper sulfide ores and for copper containing byproduct metals, such as gold and molybdenum. Reagent improvements have led the way, but they have been accompanied by innovations in leaching and improvements in electrowinning. Condition under which the reaction or the extraction process takes place also affects the separation. Solvent extraction tests found that it is possible to achieve a metal extraction rate of lead, manganese, aluminum, iron, zinc and copper higher than 92% using lix 26. The need to bleed is increased and the purity of the copper cathode is potentially compromised, depending on the impurities being transferred cl, no3, fe, mn. This chapter briefly describes the technology for producing copper, from exploration, through mining and milling, to smelting and refining or solvent extraction and electrowinning. In this paper, we report the solvent extraction separation of copper, nickel and zinc from synthetic solution using lix 984 n as the extractant dissolved in kerosene, with an aim to separate these metals efficiently by single stage extraction.
Maccabe thiele method was introduced in design of copper solvent extraction configuration when copper solvent extraction technology started to be used for highgrade copper ore. Solvent extraction of cu, mo, v, and u from leach solutions of copper. The results for the solvent extraction give an extraction efficiency of 91. Our range of solvent extraction reagents are produced at our state of art facility. We offer a broad range of solvent extraction reagents, collectors promoters, frothers, flocculants, and depressants. Solvent extraction, copper, zinc, zincex, primary materials, secondary materials abstract refined copper produced by means of solvent extraction sx accounts for over 20% world production and that technique has become more popular recently as new hydrometallurgical projects dealing with primary copper ores and concentrates are under. Solvent extraction and separation of copper and zinc from. This solution, known as pregnant liquor, is recovered and then contacted with an organic solvent, referred to as the extractant, in the solvent extraction stage sx.
Copper intended for electrical uses, however, is produced by electrorefining or sometimes electrowinning techniques. Solvent extraction is regarded as one of the most applicable methods of extracting copper from pregnant liquid solution. In chile, the worlds largest copper producer, solvent extraction process sx will. The solvent should not be toxic or corrosive as it can harm the extraction instruments. Solvent extraction has been routinely used for copper refining since its invention in the 1960s, and it is suggested that well over 10% of refined copper production from ores is obtained by solvent extraction, accounting for millions of tonnes of metal. Development group of general mills in 1960 solvent extraction had. The amount and quality of copper extraction are depend on various. Journal of hazardous materials b120 2005 1118 solvent extraction applied to the recovery of heavy metals from galvanic sludge j.
When the sulphuric acid copper lsxew flow sheet figure 1 was put forth by the minerals. Recovery of copper, nickel and zinc from sulfate solutions. The other 20% is produced by heap leaching solvent extraction electrowinning of oxide, and chalcocite ores. Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtain copper from its ores. Pdf growing role of solvent extraction in copper ores. Copper processing is a complicated process that begins with mining of the ore less than 1% copper and ends with sheets of 99.
Copper solvent extraction was originally developed in the 1960s to recover copper from relatively dilute leach solutions, typically heap leach liquors with copper. Copper production from recycled endofuse objects is about 15% of copper fromore copper. Various parameters for the extraction and separation of copper and zinc such as effect of ph, extractant concentration, phase ratio etc. Solvent extraction studies of copper and zinc have been carried out using versatic 10 acid and cyanex 272 separately from a model brass pickle liquor. Solvent extractants at the core of basfs offering is an extensive range of lix oxime extractants and amine extractants that are widely used in the purification of copper, uranium, nickel, vanadium, molybdenum, germanium, palladium, rare earths and other precious metals from leach solutions.
Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Pdf solvent extraction of copperii from concentrated. Several solvent extraction works have been developed to. Liquidliquid extraction, mostly used in analysis, is a technique in which a solution is brought into contact with a second solvent. The concentration of ore is required and it is done by the froth flotation method. Included in this report is background information regarding the kinsevere project, the principles and processes involved in solvent extraction and electrowinning for copper extraction, and the electrical connection scheme being implemented. The role of feed acidity and the disposition of impurities such as iron and chloride are considered. Following the success of the ranchers bluebird and bagdad solvent extraction and electrowinning sx ew operations in arizona in the late 1960s, the tailings leach plant at chingola, zambia became the first largescale copper sx plant in the world, commissioned in 1974. The predominant type of motor employed in a process plant is the ac induction motor, converting on average 7080% of electrical power to mechanical energy. Liquidliquid extraction lle, also known as solvent extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds or metal complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, usually water polar and an organic solvent nonpolar. This volume recognizes the growing role of solvent extraction and electrowinning technology in the world copper business.
Pdf hydrometallurgical treatment of complex copper sulfidic ores, byproducts and concentrates requires aggressive, oxidative leaching. Solvent extraction of copper, nickel and zinc from the sulphateacetate medium was studied individually using 0. The conversion of copper consists of a series of physical and electrochemical processes. Dissolution of copper from ore in sulfuric acid solvent, collection of solvent for cementation or solvent extraction remove copper from pregnant ieachate and remove some impurities remove copper from pregnantieachate and produce an electrolyte with sufficient copper content foreiectrowinning recover copper from the loaded electrolyte. The techniques for extraction of copper from oxidized ores are quite different from those employed for the sulfide ores. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. What is solvent extraction and why is it important. Recovery of copper from alkaline glycine leach solution. Included in this report is background information regarding the kinsevere project, the principles and processes involved in solvent extraction and electrowinning for copper extraction, and the. Solvent extraction of copper and zinc from bioleaching.
Pdf preconcentration and separation of copper ii with. The percentage of copper in the actual ore is too low for direct extraction of copper to be viable. In recent years, the principle and theory behind solvent extraction has gained wide acceptance as one of the new tools of modern hydrometallurgy. Pdf solvent extraction and electrowining from copper leaching. A wellperforming solventextraction circuit is a key part of producing good quality copper cathode. At the core of basfs solvent extraction offering is an extensive range of lix oxime extractants that are widely used in the purification of copper leach solutions. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, local environmental regulations, and other factors. The commonest ore used in the extraction of copper is chalcopyrite cufes 2 also known as copper pyrites and other such sulfides.
This proceedings documents the present status of the sxew business. Concentration of the copper ii sulfate solution by solvent extraction. The experiment serves as a model of an important modern industrial process that combines aspects of organicinorganic synthesis and analysis. Solvent extraction an overview sciencedirect topics. Parameters that influence the process, such as ph, extractant concentration, and the aqueousorganic ao ratio were investigated.
Solvent extraction although solvent extraction as a method of separation has long been known to the chemists, only in recent years it has achieved recognition among analysts as a powerful separation technique. Although the first largescale application of copper recovery by solvent extraction sx took place in zambia in the early 1970s, it is only in the last decade that this technology has become widely employed in this part of the world and is now a mainstay unit operation in most copper. Hence in this study experiments on separation of copper and nickel by solvent extraction have been performed using a modified aldoxime lix 664n as the extractant. With innovative products, global field support and industry leading technical expertise, basf mining solutions provides sustainable solutions which increase productivity, recovery and flexibility throughout the mining operations including leaching, solvent extraction. Flotation tailings from copper production are deposits of copper and other. The oxidized ores, consisting of the silicates, carbonates and sulfates, are treated by several methods, all involving some form of leaching of the crushed ore with sulfuric acid to produce impure solutions of copper sulfate. The most common types of ore, copper oxide and copper sulfide, undergo two different processes, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, respectively, due to the different. Solvent extraction of copperii in aqueous thiocyanate. Lix solvent extractants are recognized throughout the copper industry as the go to reagent for copper recovery. Solvent extraction of copper, nickel and zinc by cyanex 272.
The influences of extractant content, aqueous ph value. This work presents results of the study on the extraction of copper by mixed extractant consisting ptoluidine dissolved in toluene. Extraction of copper at elevated feed concentrations. Several solvent extraction works have been developed to recover metals from weee dorella and. Electrorefining process virtually all copper produced from ore receives an electrolytic treatment at some stage either via electrorefining from impure anodes or electrowinning from leach or solvent extraction liquors. Kordosky synopsis the concept of selectively extracting copper from a lowgrade dump leach solution followed by stripping the copper into an acid solution from which electrowon copper cathodes could. Copper solvent extraction technology consists of two circuits connected by a common organic phase. Thus acorga m 5640 appears to be a better solvent than lix 84 ic for copper extraction. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extractionelectrowinning technology. Separation of copper and nickel by solvent extraction. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extractionelectrowinning.
Both machine and human productivity have increased dramatically. Solvent extraction, also called liquidliquid extraction lle and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids. Pdf this study includes solvent extraction and electrowinning of copper from leaching process. Growing role of solvent extraction in copper ores processing article pdf available in fizykochemiczne problemy mineralurgii 4242. Beneficiation by froth flotation of ore to give copper concentrate optional partial roasting to obtain oxidized material or calcines 2. Keywords solvent extraction, 4methyl2pentanone, copper ii, thiocyanate complexes, stability constants thiocyanate ions are known to form various metal complexes in aqueous solutions. Here the copper is extracted away from the aqueous phase leaving behind most of the impurities that were in the leach solution. On the basis of this, a flow sheet of the process has been. Reaction of the ore over quite a long time and on a huge scale with a dilute acid such as dilute sulfuric acid to produce a very dilute copper ii sulfate solution. With innovative products, global field support and industry leading technical expertise, basf mining solutions provides sustainable solutions which increase productivity, recovery and flexibility throughout the mining operations including leaching, solvent extraction, flotation, solidliquid separation and tailings management. For cement copper production freight and smelting charges alone usually exceed this figure.
The challenges of running short sx piloting campaigns are discussed. Solvent extraction article about solvent extraction by the. Other factors important during solvent selection are viscosity, boiling point, flammability, etc. Pdf solvent extraction and separation of copper and zinc. Solvent extraction applied to the recovery of heavy metals.
A multidisciplinary experiment for advanced undergraduate students has been developed in the context of extractive metallurgy. These three oximes form the basis for a wide range of reagents which are derived by blending the oximes in a variety of ways, for example, with diluent, with one another. Apr 27, 2020 solvent extraction is a method for separating a substance from one or more others by using a solvent. Heap leaching of oxide copper ores and cathode copper recovery by solvent extraction sx and elec trowinning ew has been well. The technology of copper solvent extraction produces the most economical copper from lowgrade copper ore. Historical background when the sulphuric acid copper l sxew flow sheet figure 1 was put forth by the minerals.
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